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After discussing the if statement of Python language in our previous article, we are going to discuss another important conditional statement known as if-else. In the if-else conditional statement, the condition in the parenthesis of if statement is evaluated for a boolean value - true or false.

• If this condition is true then the statement or a block of statements connected to the if statement is executed.


• If this condition is false then the statement or a block of statements connected to the else is executed.

Important points - if-else statement

• As you can see in the diagram above, In the if-else statement of Python, a colon: is required after declaring the condition of an if statement, after declaring an else statement or any conditional statement, which helps us in declaring the start of an upcoming indented block and it also improves readability.


• In Python, the condition of an if statement can even be declared without a pair of parentheses () around it(contrary to many programming languages like C, C++ which require us to wrap a condition within a pair of parentheses).


• Unlike many programming languages like C, C++, Java which require a pair of braces { } to hold multiple statements associated with an if or else statement, Python language does not require you to use a pair of braces { } to contain one or more statements with an if or else statement.


• Using a pair of braces { } to hold one or more statements with a conditional statement like if or else, gives an error.


• Then how do we associate one or multiple statements with a conditional statement if or else?
  In Python, indentation is meaningful and using it we can associate one or more statements with any conditional statement.

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Python - if else example

#Python - if-else condition statement program
  

if(100>50):
	print("100 is greater than 50")
else:
	print("100 is less than 50")
print("Outside if-else block")
  

Output -

100 is greater than 50
Outside if-else block 

Program Analysis

• The if statement condition - 100>50 is true, hence its associated print statement is executed and the print statement associated with else condition is not executed.
• The print statement outside the if-else block is executed without an issue because it is not associated with the else statement, due to the absence of its indentation with the else statement.

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