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In C++ language, the else-if statement consists of three parts -

• An if statement with its own condition.
• An else if statement with its associated condition.
• Finally, an optional else statement, which has no condition associated with it.

Working of else-if

First the condition in the parenthesis of if is evaluated for a boolean value - true or false.

• If the condition with if statement is true then the statement or a block of statements connected to it is executed.


• If the condition with if statement is false only then the condition associated with else if is evaluated.


• In that case, if the condition with else if statement is true only then the statement or a block of statements connected to it is executed.


• But, if the condition associated with else if is evaluated to be false then the statement or a block of statements connected to the underneath else is executed.
  
  Note: Declaring this else block is optional.

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else if statement example

/* C++ else if statement example */

#include<iostream>

using namespace std;
int main()
{
if(99>100)
	cout<<"9 is greater than 10";
else if(99<90)
	cout<<"9 is less than 9";
	else
		cout<<"9 is greater than 8 and less than 10";
		
return 0;
}

Output

9 is greater than 8 and less than 10

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